Certified Nurses Operating Room (CNOR) Practice Exam

In cases of hyponatremia, what does the acronym SALT signify?

1. Stool changes, Abdominal cramps, Lethargy, Temperature elevation

2. Stupor/coma, Anorexia, Lethargy, Tendon reflexes decreased

3. Severe cough, Abnormal pain, Loss of oxygen, Tingling

4. Swollen joints, Altered mood, Lethargy, Thirst

The correct answer is: Stupor/coma, Anorexia, Lethargy, Tendon reflexes decreased

The acronym SALT in the context of hyponatremia is used to help remember the key signs and symptoms associated with this condition, particularly emphasizing the neurological and systemic manifestations that occur due to low sodium levels in the blood. Each component of the acronym reflects critical aspects of hyponatremia: - Stupor/coma: This highlights the potential severity of hyponatremia, where neurological symptoms can lead to changes in consciousness, including confusion, stupor, or even coma as the sodium levels drop significantly. - Anorexia: This refers to a loss of appetite, which is a common symptom as the body reacts to electrolyte imbalances. - Lethargy: This symptom is common in hyponatremia and indicates a general state of tiredness or lack of energy, often associated with decreased sodium levels affecting normal cellular function. - Tendon reflexes decreased: This is an important clinical observation, as hyponatremia can lead to diminished reflexes, reflecting the impact of low sodium on neuromuscular transmission. Understanding these components is crucial in clinical practice to quickly identify and manage hyponatremia appropriately to avoid complications.